Basic structure and technology of sheet metal parts of machine tool

Basic structure and technology of sheet metal parts of machine tool

Machine tool sheet metal parts is a very special part, it is affected by a lot of factors in the manufacturing, there is no fixed mold, so it can not carry out a large number of processing production, in order to make the parts processing technology more mature, we have to start from many aspects, not only to improve the working capacity of the equipment, but also to develop a reasonable manufacturing program, with mature manufacturing process, Only in this way can the machine tool sheet metal parts manufacturing problems to solve, the following is for these problems and put forward some solutions.

1. Characteristics of sheet metal parts of the machine tool and the specific processing process

1.1 Features of the parts themselves

Machine tool sheet metal parts, itself is very thin, and easy to deform, these characteristics, both make it easy to damage, but also give him a lot of possibilities, can be made into different shapes, so in the manufacturing process, we can according to different processes of the parts for appropriate bending deformation, so that it has a certain use characteristics, In order to manufacture the parts used in the production, but also to ensure that the parts themselves are not damaged, in the manufacture of such parts, we have to make appropriate adaptations, reasonable use of the current manpower and material resources, to arrange for the production of such parts of the process flow, to bring certain economic benefits to the enterprise.

1.2 Specific processing operations

From the traditional process, the specific process of manufacturing sheet metal parts is mainly divided into three steps. The first step is to process the existing material, so that it has the shape of the part, in this step, we need to use a lot of modern equipment, such as CNC shearing machine, as well as intelligent laser cutting machine and so on. The second step needs to be completed manually, because some parts are composed of many parts, the first step of processing can only produce some small parts, in this step there must be a welder, welding these small parts together, in this step, the welder needs to have skilled technology, so that the welded parts can meet the production requirements, if there is a problem in this step, Then the welded parts, whether from the appearance or from the quality, can not meet the requirements. The third step is to treat the surface of the part, such as grinding and painting, and finally complete the manufacturing of the part. For the current parts processing, most of the parts processing need to go through these three steps, so there is no batch processing method, so there are no completed models to use.

2 Specific factors that affect the processing quality of sheet metal parts

The processing of sheet metal parts of machine tools is greatly affected by external factors, so we must pay special attention to changes in external factors when processing them, eliminate hidden dangers in time, and avoid external factors affecting the quality of the parts. Below we will analyze some specific external factors (the appearance of the machine tool, the working ability of the equipment, the proficiency of the operator, etc.). The process used in processing is analyzed in detail, and the processing quality of the parts is improved by these methods.

2.1 Part processing factor 1 - machine appearance

In order to produce high-strength parts, in the processing process, we should choose a machine tool that meets the requirements of the appearance design. Waterproofing is one of the ways to enhance the quality of parts, in order to achieve this requirement, we want to design some components of the parts into a hidden form, such as the screws used above, in order to wrap the edge of the parts completely, we want to try to fold the edge of the two parts inward, so that a high and a low just achieve our wrapping purpose. The manufacturing requirements of some parts are very high, so when protecting such parts, we also need to improve the requirements, such as adding a seal on the edge, which can play a good role in waterproof and anti-dust. The edge docking between the two parts must be neat to avoid overlapping of the two parts. When the staff is operating, the two parts should avoid the surface as much as possible.

2.2 Factors affecting parts processing II - machine working ability

In the processing of parts, we commonly used equipment is the bending machine, its bending range and bearing capacity is we have to calculate in advance, for different parts for appropriate adjustment. Under normal circumstances, the bearing capacity of the bending machine is larger than the pressure of the bending machine, so that the damage of the parts can be avoided and the safety of the equipment can be maintained. When the thickness of the slide is very uniform, it is necessary to control the minimum length of the hem. In the minimum range of the bending V-shaped mouth, if there is a good hole on the side, we must take certain protection measures to the hole to prevent it from deformation, which requires us to make certain changes to the process flow, so as to ensure the quality of the parts.

2.3 Factors affecting parts processing 3 - the level of technology

Each part is special, it must have its own corresponding processing technology, so reasonable processing technology is very important to the quality of the parts, so we should be careful to select the processing technology, so as to avoid problems encountered in the processing process, so that we can smoothly produce the parts. From the point of view of contemporary technology equipment, resistance welding and gas welding should be the preferred equipment, below we give some specific examples to see the benefits of these two welding methods. When the part we manufacture is a cavity structure, we must pay attention to the impact of the groove on the part, to avoid the impact on the part because of its overflow, in order to solve this problem, we must design a reasonable program to discharge the spilled liquid from a specific hole. When we paint the surface of the parts, we should make reasonable use of all means, such as the holes on the parts, if these holes can be used rationally, then we do not need to play extra holes to avoid unnecessary damage to the parts. Of course, if there are some holes that are unavoidable, such as adjusting the center of gravity position of the parts, then we must play some special process holes on the parts. In the process of manufacturing parts, welding is essential, in the process of parts processing, in order to reduce the workload of the staff, we must reasonably design the process flow, as far as possible to reduce the length of the joint. Bending is also inevitable in the manufacturing process of some parts, so our process should also take into account this aspect, if the two sides of a part bend at different angles, in bending, it is necessary to carry out different positioning, if the bending size is the same, the bending on both sides of the part must be synchronized.

3 Things to pay attention to when processing parts

In order to ensure the quality of sheet metal parts of the machine tool, there are some problems, we must pay special attention in the manufacturing process, only in the details of the control, in order to be able to produce parts that meet the requirements of the business, below we will be specific to these problems.

3.1 How to improve the stiffness of manufactured parts

In the process of processing and manufacturing machine tool sheet metal parts, we expect the strength and stiffness of the parts produced to meet the expected requirements, but we should know that blindly increasing the thickness of the material to increase the strength of the parts is very undesirable, although the strength of the parts has been improved to a certain extent, but this method also increases the weight of the parts. That's not what we want to see. Therefore, a reasonable method in the process of manufacturing parts is very important, in the design of the process, we should use a reasonable method, such as as far as possible to increase the size of the parts of the hem, of course, increase the number of hem is also possible, or we can also take to increase some special materials to improve the strength of the parts, such as adding reinforcement plates in the parts.

3.2 Design of bending Angle of sheet metal parts

This step of processing requires the use of specific equipment, in the process of parts design and processing, we must ensure that the bending capacity of the bending machine is greater than the bending degree of the parts, only to meet this requirement, the folded parts can achieve our expected effect, and will not cause damage to the machine. After the part is bent, even if the part does not meet our expectations, we can not artificially split the part and then artificially process it.

3.3 Design and treatment of holes on parts

As we have mentioned above, some parts are essential in the manufacturing process, there will be some holes, so some holes on the split out of the small parts can not be avoided, so in the process design of parts manufacturing, we should avoid as much as possible to manually punch holes and reduce the number of holes on the parts. When we have to drill holes to complete the operation, we must also use professional equipment to punch holes, remember not to punch holes manually, so as to avoid mistakes and destroy the parts.

3.4 Overall design of parts

Each part has its own particularity, but in the manufacturing process, we need to ensure the cost of manufacturing, so that we need to adjust some parts properly, in order to improve the utilization rate, although the adjustment and design process of parts will take a certain amount of time, but when we manufacture these parts, the cost we need will be greatly reduced. And this also improves the utilization rate of parts, so the appropriate adjustment design of parts is very necessary in the process of parts manufacturing.

3.5 Spring design

In the sheet metal parts of the machine tool, the shape of the spring is generally spherical and small

The shape of the spring is mostly this, so this is a very important step. In order to ensure that the design of the spring shape can be uniform, we have to improve our processing technology, now the general method used in the factory is normalizing, coupled with high temperature tempering method, this process to produce the spring is very uniform, has good durability, can be used in the medium and long term parts, extend the service life of parts, Further improve the quality of sheet metal parts.

4 Selection and cost of materials used in manufacturing

In the selection of materials and cost control, we should pay special attention to three issues:

First, in the selection of materials, the nature of the material itself must meet the functional requirements of the products we need to manufacture, so that the parts we produce must be able to be used normally in the work, but also to produce a certain spiritual value, which is mainly based on the color and texture of the material itself. Of course, we can not in order to pursue the spiritual function, and ignore the cost, for example, compared to the cold-rolled steel plate, stainless steel can bring high mental function, but from the cost point of view, the price is twice as much, more than worth the loss.

The second point, the cost of the metal itself is also the most important consideration, different processing materials, the required cost price also has a huge difference, so we in the selection of raw materials, not only to ensure that the material plate can meet the quality requirements of manufacturing machine tool sheet metal parts, but also to control its cost price, to bring the greatest economic benefits to the enterprise.

The third point, to consider the metal materials, the cost to be used in the processing process, the processing technology to be used in different metals is also different, in the process of manufacturing parts, the equipment to be used is not the same, the technical types of technicians are slightly different, these components will increase the cost of parts manufacturing to different degrees, Therefore, in the process of manufacturing parts, we should design a simplest process, with the lowest standard life cycle cost, the most economical metal materials, to produce a finished product that can meet the quality requirements of parts, and can realize the value of goods to bring great benefits. Bring the greatest benefits to the enterprise and maximize the value of the enterprise.

5 Closing remarks

In the above article, we have the basic structure of the sheet metal parts of the machine tool, as well as the problems encountered in the production process, and some solutions were elaborated in detail, but also the parts in the processing process to pay attention to some of the factors are necessary to explain, according to the above problems and proposed solutions, We can very effectively reduce the cost of parts manufacturing, at the same time, does not affect the quality of parts, in order to improve the use of parts, for the development of machine tool sheet metal parts processing technology, has a certain role in promoting, to the enterprise has brought a certain economic benefits.

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