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Introduction to electroplating

Electroplating is the process of using the principle of electrolysis to plate a thin layer of other metals or alloys on some metal surfaces, which is the process of using electrolysis to attach a layer of metal film to the surface of metal or other materials. During electroplating, the coated metal or other insoluble material is the anode, the workpiece to be plated is the cathode, and the cation of the coated metal is reduced to form a coating on the surface of the workpiece to be plated. In order to eliminate the interference of other cations and make the coating uniform and firm, it is necessary to use a solution containing metal cations as an electroplating solution to keep the concentration of metal cations in the coating unchanged. The purpose of electroplating is to coat a metal coating on the substrate to change the surface properties or dimensions of the substrate. Electroplating can enhance the corrosion resistance of the metal (coated metal is mostly corrosion-resistant metal), increase hardness, prevent wear, improve electrical conductivity, lubrication, heat resistance, and surface beauty.

Introduction to electroplating

Electroplating classification

Electroplating can be classified according to the composition of the coating and the way to obtain the coating, the following is our classification according to the composition of the coating.


TypeApplication
Single metal platingWidely used coatings are zinc,   cadmium, copper, chromium, tin, nickel, gold, silver, etc.
Binary alloy platingCommonly used are tin-lead alloy,   zinc-nickel, zinc-cobalt, copper-tin, etc.
Ternary alloy platingCommonly used are copper-tin-zinc,   zinc-nickel-iron, etc.
Multicomponent alloy platingBasically in the research stage
Composite electrodepositionElectrocoating is formed by   embedding solid particles in the electrocoating.



Electroplating gallery


                

                
  • cnc electroplating product

  • cnc electroplating product

  • cnc electroplating product

  • cnc electroplating product

  • cnc electroplating product

Role of electroplating


                

                
  • Protection performance improvement

    1. Protection performance improvement

    Enhanced corrosion resistance: The metal coating formed on the surface of metal or other matrix materials can effectively isolate external corrosive substances, such as moisture, oxygen, acid, alkali, etc., to prevent corrosion of the matrix material. For example, when the surface of steel is coated with zinc, the zinc layer will be preferentially corroded even in a humid environment, thereby protecting the steel matrix and extending the service life of the material.

    Improved wear resistance: The coating can increase the surface hardness and wear resistance of the base material, so that it can withstand more friction, wear and scratching. For example, hard chromium plating on the surface of mechanical parts can significantly improve the wear resistance of parts, reduce size changes and failures caused by wear, and is suitable for a variety of friction-frequent working environments.


  • Decorative

    2. Decorative

    Beautiful appearance: It can make the surface of the product have the luster, texture and color of the metal, such as the chrome plating layer has a bright silver white luster, the gold plating layer shows a noble gold, the nickel plating layer has a soft silver gray, etc., which can improve the appearance quality and grade of the product and meet people's aesthetic needs for the appearance of the product.

    Color diversity: Through different plating processes and coating combinations, rich and diverse color effects can be achieved, such as through multi-layer plating or alloy plating, you can obtain special color and appearance effects such as colored stainless steel, imitation gold plating, providing more choices for product design and decoration.


  • Functional enhancement

    3. Functional enhancement

    Improving electrical conductivity: For some parts or electronic components that require good electrical conductivity, electroplating metals (such as gold, silver, copper, etc.) can improve their electrical conductivity, ensuring the stable transmission of current and the accurate transmission of signals. For example, electroplating on components such as connectors and printed circuit boards of electronic devices can reduce contact resistance and improve circuit reliability.

    Improved weldability: Certain coatings can improve the weldability of the base material, making the welding process easier and more reliable. For example, tinning on some metal parts that need to be welded can reduce the welding temperature, improve the welding strength, and reduce the generation of welding defects.

    With magnetic and other special functions: by electroplating specific magnetic materials, such as nickel-iron alloy, etc., can make the product magnetic, to meet some special application needs, such as magnetic sensors, magnetic fixtures, etc.


  • Good machinability

    4. Good machinability

    Good covering uniformity: During the plating process, metal ions are uniformly deposited on the substrate surface under the action of electric field, which can form a uniform and dense coating. For parts with complex shapes and uneven surfaces, good covering effect can also be obtained to ensure the quality and performance of the coating.

    Strong binding force with the substrate: the coating and the substrate material form a firm combination through chemical bonding, physical adsorption and other ways, which is not easy to fall off or peel off, and can meet the requirements of the product under various conditions of use.


  • Economy

    5. Economy

    Relatively low cost: Compared with some other surface treatment methods, such as thermal spraying, physical vapor deposition, electroplating equipment and process is relatively simple, low cost, suitable for large-scale production and application. Especially for some small parts and mass production products, electroplating can reduce production costs under the premise of ensuring quality.

    Repairability: If the coating on the surface of the product appears wear, scratches and other defects, it can be repaired by re-plating to restore the performance and appearance of the product, extend the service life of the product and reduce the waste of resources.


Application of electroplating

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1

Automobile industry: bumper, door handle, wheel hub, radiator, piston, piston ring, bearing bush, inlet and exhaust valve, shock absorber connecting rod, etc.

2

Electronics industry: Printed circuit board, electronic connectors, mobile phone shell, semiconductor manufacturing, etc.

3

Aerospace field: aircraft wings, fuselage structure, engine blades and other key components, spacecraft solar panel frame, antenna, gyroscope and so on.

4

Medical instruments: surgical instruments such as scalpels, tweezers, scissors, artificial joints, dental implants, etc.

5

Construction industry: door and window handles, hinges, locks, etc., metal curtain wall, metal railing, metal sculpture, etc.

6

Light industry: faucets, showers, tableware, kitchenware, pens, metal toys, model cars, robots, etc.

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